Borderline Personality Disorder
Borderline personality disorder, referred to as BDP, is a mental condition characterized by variable feelings, intense mood swings, problems with self-regulation and non-normal impairment of functioning (Sperry, Len, 100). The signs of BDP start occurring in early childhood, but the symptoms and complications associated with the condition begin to develop in early adulthood (Sperry, Len, 103). In outpatient psychiatric communities, the prevalence rate of the disease currently stands at 20% and in the community at about 4%. (Leichsenring, Falk et al.75). BDP is often known to be the most prevalent personality disorder in the clinical community, with a prevalence rate of 10% of all outpatients. Researchers differ in opinions on the cause of BDP, however, most of them allude that the disorder is caused by some problems with the chemicals in the brains that control moods and emotions. The disease is inheritable, with 42%-68% of its patients having a close relative suffering from BDP (Leichsenring, Falk et al.76). Other causes of the disease include environmental factors such as separation from family, neglect, sexual and physical abuse, and other childhood traumas. Recent studies have shown no variations on race or gender to suggest that they play a factor in developing BDP (Leichsenring, Falk et al.76).
To be diagnosed with BDP, a patient has to show at least five of these conditions (Sperry, Len, 103)): identity disturbance; imagined abandonment; self-damaging behavior; chronic feeling of emptiness; abrupt mood swings; stress-related paranoia; sudden uncontrolled intense anger; recurrent suicidal behaviors; and a pattern of unstable relationship characterized with devaluation and idealization.
BDP is not easily treatable. To manage the condition, persons with BDP employ psychotherapy means such as dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) to manage moods and behavior (Leichsenring, Falk et al. 77). In addition to that, they can take antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) to manage anxiety, anger and depression: Some SSRIs include sertraline like fluoxetine like (Prozac), Zoloft, citalopram like Celexa, and paroxetine like Paxil and antipsychotic medication to manage the different symptoms of the disease (Leichsenring, Falk et al. 81). They can also take mood stabilizers such as lithium (like Lithobid) to repress or depress moods, and antipsychotic medicines (like Olonzapine) to manage the patients thinking (Leichsenring, Falk et al. 81).
Works Cited
Leichsenring, Falk et al. "Borderline Personality Disorder". The Lancet, vol 377, no. 9759, 2011, pp. 74-84. Elsevier BV, doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61422-5.
Sperry, Len. Handbook of Diagnosis and Treatment Of DSM-5 Personality Disorders. 1st ed., Taylor And Francis, 2016.
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