Three Principles of Beneficence, Non-Maleficence and Justice in Healthcare
The three principles, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice approach offers a culturally, accessible and straightforward method to thinking about the ethical parameters of health care. They help the healthcare practitioners in making a decision considering the moral issues when they arise. Beneficence is the act of showing compassion, sympathy, and charity with a robust insinuation of doing good to others, which includes the moral obligation. Justice ensures equal distribution of the services in all groups irrespective of their gender, age, race, and religion (Greenfield, & Jensen, 2016). Similarly, nonmaleficence should apply were no harm it to be rendered to the client.
The entire professional have the moral imperative of performing their task in the right way. Considering the context of a client-professional relationship, the professionals have the obligation of always favoring the well-being of their client without exception (Niven, Leigh, & Stelfox, 2016, September). Likewise, in the healthcare sector, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice are most essential ethics where the health care practitioner has the responsibility of considering their calling and perform it to the ultimate standards required.
All the healthcare providers are constraint by the principles of their expertise in upholding the interest, honoring and ensuring the well-being of their patients. The accountability of maintaining this professional standard lies on the party involved in holding the position of authority, power, and trust. Moreover, it is the responsibility of every healthcare professional to intend to do good to patients, as they are weak and in a vulnerable position (Niven et al., 2016 September). Minor and significant ethical choices arise which confront practitioners in their daily activities when providing health care to their client in this pluralistic society. However, when confusion arises regarding what needs to be done, ethical principles serve as the moral guides.
In the context of nonmaleficence, the ethical principle requires health care providers not to cause any harm or injury to their clients through the act of commission or omission. For instance, regarding the treatment of a patient who is homeless and uninsured, the doctor has the obligation of protecting the patient from any injury or harm (Greenfield, & Jensen, 2016). The practitioner should offer the required treatment standards to the patient that would reduce the damage as supported by the law of society.
Similarly, through beneficence in a situation where the patient is uninsured and homeless, the health care practitioners should show the act of charity and mercy by providing the services to the patient. He or she should critically understand the circumstances that the patient is facing and strive in ensuring net benefit for the patient (Niven et al., 2016 September). In a related instance, in times of sickness, through defining the beneficence as doing good, to the patients “good” may be allowing him or her to die to evade the problems that he or she faces in the daily living.
Considering that justice to be done to all the patient by providing equivalent services, in a case of an uninsured and homeless patient, the healthcare provider before making any decision should consider the fairness in the distribution of the scarce resources, obligation, and rights, as well as the competing needs of the patient (Greenfield, & Jensen, 2016). The services should not create an ethical dilemma where treatment is not equally available to all the people.
In conclusion, the health care providers have the task of caring that extends to all patients and the society as a whole. Any healthcare professional neither accepts its duty nor understands it is at the risk of violating the fiduciary principle of protecting and honoring the patients.
References
Greenfield, B. H., & Jensen, G. M. (2016). Understanding the lived experiences of patients: Application of a phenomenological approach to ethics. Physical Therapy, 90(8), 1185-1197.
Niven, D. J., Leigh, J. P., & Stelfox, H. T. (2016, September). Ethical considerations in the de-adoption of ineffective or harmful aspects of healthcare. In Healthcare Management Forum (Vol. 29, No. 5, pp. 214-217). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
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